CLIMATE CHANGE IS HERE: WHY LAW MUST SHIFT FROM PREVENTION TO ADAPTATION
- Authors
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Abdullajonov Sarvarbek Rustam o'g'li
Tashkent State University of Law, Uzbekistan
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- Keywords:
- Climate change, Climate adaptation , Mitigation, International environmental law , Human rights, Climate finance, Loss and damage, Climate resilience
- Abstract
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Objective: Climate change is no longer just a future problem, it's a current issue that affects how we govern, our rights, how we spend public money, and who is responsible for what. While it's still crucial to reduce the amount of greenhouse gases we release to limit how bad things will get, we also need to adapt to the changes that are already happening. Method: We should look at what's working and what's not, like the European Court of Human Rights' decisions on climate change, and use that to make our laws better. Results: The Paris Agreement and other international plans are a good start, but we need to do more. We need to make sure we're prepared for really big problems, like sea levels rising, and that we're working together internationally to solve them. Novelty: The next step in dealing with climate change should be to create a system that combines reducing emissions, adapting to changes, making sure we can withstand problems, and being accountable for what we do. This will help us get ready for what's coming and make sure we're doing everything we can to protect people and the planet.
- References
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[1] United Nations, Paris Agreement, Dec. 12, 2015, art. 7.
[2] Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability—Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 2022.
[3] United Nations Environment Programme, Adaptation Gap Report 2025: Running on Empty. Nairobi, Kenya: UNEP, 2025.
[4] United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, “Adaptation under Article 7 of the Paris Agreement and National Adaptation Plans,” UNFCCC, Bonn, Germany.
[5] European Court of Human Rights, Verein KlimaSeniorinnen Schweiz and Others v. Switzerland, Grand Chamber, Judgment, Apr. 9, 2024.
[6] International Law Commission, Final Report of the Study Group on Sea-Level Rise in Relation to International Law. Geneva, Switzerland: United Nations, 2025.
[7] United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, “Warsaw International Mechanism for Loss and Damage associated with Climate Change Impacts,” UNFCCC, Bonn, Germany.
[8] United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, “Global Goal on Adaptation and the UAE Framework for Global Climate Resilience,” UNFCCC, 2023.
[9] United Nations General Assembly, “Request for an advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice on the obligations of States in respect of climate change,” Res. 77/276, Mar. 29, 2023.
[10] International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, Request for an Advisory Opinion Submitted by the Commission of Small Island States on Climate Change and International Law, Advisory Opinion, Case No. 31, May 21, 2024.
[11] United Nations Environment Programme, Adaptation Gap Report 2024: Come Hell and High Water—As Fires and Floods Hit the Poor Hardest, It Is Time for the World to Step Up Adaptation Actions. Nairobi, Kenya: UNEP, 2024.
[12] Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Geneva, Switzerland: IPCC, 2023, doi: 10.59327/IPCC/AR6-9789291691647.
[13] United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, National Adaptation Plans 2024: Progress in the Formulation and Implementation of NAPs. Bonn, Germany: UNFCCC, 2024.
[14] United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, “Operationalization of the new funding arrangements, including a fund, for responding to loss and damage,” Decision 1/CP.28 and Decision 5/CMA.5, 2023.
[15] United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, “UAE–Belém work programme on indicators for measuring progress achieved towards the targets referred to in paragraphs 9–10 of Decision 2/CMA.5,” Decision 3/CMA.6, 2024.
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- 2026-09-23
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