REORIENTING ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK POLICY TO ENHANCE FOOD SECURITY AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61796/ijblps.v1i4.78Keywords:
Asian Development Bank, Rural Development, Food Security, Program Evaluation, Sustainable DevelopmentAbstract
This paper aims to evaluate the role of the ADB in rural development and food security in Asia and the Pacific and analyze the impact of its programs. The research approach involves literature analysis, case studies of ADB policy implementation, and synthesizing findings from multiple sources to develop a holistic understanding. Key findings include the success of ADB programs in improving rural infrastructure and community empowerment, as well as challenges such as implementation delays and global market uncertainty. This paper provides an in-depth look at the impact of ADB programs, presents key findings, and provides recommendations for future policy improvements
References
Aday, S., & Aday, M. S. (2020). Impacts of COVID-19 on Food Supply Chain. Food Quality and Safety. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:221820441
adb.org. (2016). Viet Nam: Country Partnership Strategy (2016-2020). Adb.Org. https://www.adb.org/documents/viet-nam-country-partnership-strategy-2016-2020
adb.org. (2017). ADB Bantu Indonesia Capai Ketahanan Pangan dengan Pembiayaan $600 Juta untuk Irigasi. Adb.Org. https://www.adb.org/id/news/adb-help-indonesia-achieve-food-security-600-million-financing-irrigated-agriculture
adb.org. (2022a). ADB Dukung Pengembangan Kawasan Sains dan Teknologi di Indonesia. Adb.Org. https://www.adb.org/id/news/adb-supports-development-science-and-technology-parks-indonesia
adb.org. (2022b). ADB Lowers Developing Asia Growth Outlook as Global Risks Mount. Adb.Org. https://www.adb.org/news/adb-lowers-developing-asia-growth-outlook-global-risks-mount
adb.org. (2022c). Gender Equality and Development. Adb.Org. https://www.adb.org/what-we-do/topics/gender
adb.org. (2022d). Maldives : Strengthening Gender Inclusive Initiatives Project. Adb.Org. https://www.adb.org/projects/54373-001/main
adb.org. (2022e). Viet Nam: Country Partnership Strategy (2023-2026). Adb.Org. https://www.adb.org/documents/viet-nam-country-partnership-strategy-2023-2026
adb.org. (2023a). About ADB. Adb.Org. https://www.adb.org/who-we-are/about
adb.org. (2023b). ADB’s Work in the Education Sector. Adb.Org. https://www.adb.org/what-we-do/topics/education/overview
adb.org. (2023c). ADB Memperkokoh Pembangunan Sumber Daya Manusia Di Indonesia Melalui Pinjaman $500 Juta. Adb.Org. https://www.adb.org/id/news/adb-further-strengthens-human-capital-development-indonesia-500-million-loan
adb.org. (2023d). ADB Plans $14 Billion to Ease Food Crisis. Adb.Org. https://www.adb.org/what-we-do/topics/agriculture
adb.org. (2023e). Global Trade Finance Gap Expands to $2.5 Trillion in 2022. Adb.Org. https://www.adb.org/news/global-trade-finance-gap-expands-25-trillion-2022
adb.org. (2023f). Kegiatan ADB di Indonesia. Adb.Org. https://www.adb.org/id/where-we-work/indonesia/overview-id
adb.org. (2023g). Pembiayaan Inovatif Adalah Kunci Partisipasi Sektor Swasta dalam Pembangunan Infrastruktur di ASEAN+3 – Laporan ADB. Adb.Org. https://www.adb.org/id/news/innovative-financing-key-private-sector-participation-asean3-infrastructure-development-adb
adb.org. (2023h). Regional : Building Sustainable Food and Nutrition Security in Asia and the Pacific (Phase 1). Adb.Org. https://www.adb.org/projects/49305-001/main
adb.org. (2023i). Tinjauan Kebijakan Upaya Perlindungan. Adb.Org. https://www.adb.org/id/who-we-are/safeguards/safeguard-policy-review
ADB. (2018a). Asian Development Bank & Indonesia: Lembar Fakta. 2018(vi), 2011–2014.
ADB. (2018b). Strategi 2030: Mencapai Asia dan Pasifik yang Makmur, Inklusif, Tangguh, dan Berkelanjutan. Asia Development Bank. https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/institutional-document/435391/strategy-2030-main-document-id_0.pdf
ADB. (2019). Mainstreaming the Results-Based Lending for Programs. August, 31. https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/institutional-document/526346/mainstreaming-rbl-programs.pdf
ADB. (2020a). Gender Equality ADB Projects. In Bangladesh Country Report. https://hdl.handle.net/11540/2429
ADB. (2020b). Laporan tahunan Asian development bank 2020. Buletin Jendela Data Dan Informasi Kesehatan, 1–88.
ADB. (2021). Laporan Tahunan ADB 2021: Menuju Pemulihan Hijau dan Inklusif (ADB Annual Report 2021: Toward a Green and Inclusive Recovery). 44–49. www.adb.org/ar2021/digital
Ameli, N., Drummond, P. F. N., Bisaro, A., Grubb, M., & Chenet, H. (2019). Climate finance and disclosure for institutional investors: why transparency is not enough. Climatic Change, 160, 565–589. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:204972225
Anderson, R., Bayer, P. E., & Edwards, D. (2020). Climate change and the need for agricultural adaptation. Current Opinion in Plant Biology. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:211112310
Androniceanu, A., & Sabie, O. M. (2022). Overview of Green Energy as a Real Strategic Option for Sustainable Development. Energies. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:253664144
Ari, I., & Koç, M. (2019). Sustainable Financing for Sustainable Development: Agent-Based Modeling of Alternative Financing Models for Clean Energy Investments. Sustainability. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:117950435
asean2023.id. (2023). Ketahanan Pangan Penting Menjadi Perhatian ASEAN. Asean2023.Id. https://asean2023.id/id/news/food-security-an-aseans-priority
Bappenas. (2020). Indonesia : Sustainable Infrastructure Assistance Program Subproject 14 : Indonesia Energy Sector Assessment and. May 2020, 2020–2024.
Barrett, C. B. (2020a). Actions now can curb food systems fallout from COVID-19. Nature Food, 1, 319–320. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:218953348
Barrett, C. B. (2020b). Overcoming Global Food Security Challenges through Science and Solidarity. American Journal of Agricultural Economics. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:264664991
Camarero, L., & Oliva, J. (2019). Thinking in rural gap: mobility and social inequalities. Palgrave Communications, 5, 1–7. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:201105311
Chang, C.-P., Li, T., & Yang, S. (2020). Seasonal Prediction of Boreal Winter Rainfall over the Western Maritime Continent during ENSO. Journal of Meteorological Research, 34, 294–303. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:218573015
Clark, N. E. (2018). Naomi Hossain and Patta Scott-Villiers (eds): Food riots, food rights and the politics of provision. Food Security, 10, 763–765. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:255602654
D’Odorico, P., Carr, J. A., Davis, K. F., Dell’Angelo, J., & Seekell, D. A. (2019). Food Inequality, Injustice, and Rights. Bioscience, 69, 180–190. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:84843829
del Arco, I., Ramos-Pla, A., Zsembinszki, G., de Gracia, Á., & Cabeza, L. F. (2021). Implementing SDGs to a Sustainable Rural Village Development from Community Empowerment: Linking Energy, Education, Innovation, and Research. Sustainability. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:244826256
Dhankher, O. P., & Foyer, C. H. (2018). Climate resilient crops for improving global food security and safety. Plant, Cell & Environment, 41 5, 877–884. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4949894
Feature Story. (2022). What You Need to Know About Food Security and Climate Change. The World Bank. https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2022/10/17/what-you-need-to-know-about-food-security-and-climate-change.
Fischer, R. A., & Connor, D. J. (2018). Issues for cropping and agricultural science in the next 20 years. Field Crops Research. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:90535642
Fróna, D., Szenderák, J., & Harangi-Rákos, M. (2019). The Challenge of Feeding the World. Sustainability. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:209182357
García-Gallego, A., Georgantzis, N., Jaber-López, T., & Michailidou, G. (2020). Audience effects and other-regarding preferences against corruption: Experimental evidence. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 180, 159–173. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:226337841
Habiyaremye, A., Kruss, G., & Booyens, I. (2020). Innovation for inclusive rural transformation: the role of the state. Innovation and Development, 10, 155–168. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:159321937
He, H., Wang, S., Tuo, S., & Du, J. (2022). Analysis of the Effect of Rural Tourism in Promoting Farmers’ Income and Its Influencing Factors–Based on Survey Data from Hanzhong in Southern Shaanxi. Sustainability. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:246308221
Jin, Y., Gao, X., & Wang, M. (2021). The financing efficiency of listed energy conservation and environmental protection firms: Evidence and implications for green finance in China. Energy Policy. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:233551182
Jitmaneeroj, B., Lamla, M. J., & Wood, A. (2019). The implications of central bank transparency for uncertainty and disagreement. Journal of International Money and Finance. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:53456046
John, N. A., Casey, S. E., Carino, G., & Mcgovern, T. (2020). Lessons Never Learned: Crisis and gender‐based violence. Developing World Bioethics, 20, 65–68. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:215405305
Kemenkeu.go.id. (2023). Indonesia dan ADB Perkuat Kerja Sama untuk Perekonomian Nasional yang Berkelanjutan. Kemenkeu.Go.Id. https://fiskal.kemenkeu.go.id/publikasi/siaran-pers-detil/517
Khan, I., Javed, T., Khan, A. S., Lei, H., Muhammad, I., Ali, I., & Huo, X. (2019). Impact assessment of land use change on surface temperature and agricultural productivity in Peshawar-Pakistan. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26, 33076–33085. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:202557410
Khuong, P. M., McKenna, R., & Fichtner, W. (2019). Analyzing drivers of renewable energy development in Southeast Asia countries with correlation and decomposition methods. Journal of Cleaner Production. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:158822962
Lee, D., & Kim, K. (2022). National Investment Framework for Revitalizing the R&D Collaborative Ecosystem of Sustainable Smart Agriculture. Sustainability. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:249083446
Li, Jian, Yan, X., Li, Y., & Dong, X. (2023). Optimizing the Agricultural Supply Chain through E-Commerce: A Case Study of Tudouec in Inner Mongolia, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:257092715
Li, Jiangyu, Chen, H., Zhang, C., & Pan, T. (2019). Variations in ecosystem service value in response to land use/land cover changes in Central Asia from 1995–2035. PeerJ, 7. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:203412248
Liao, C., & Brown, D. G. (2018). Assessments of synergistic outcomes from sustainable intensification of agriculture need to include smallholder livelihoods with food production and ecosystem services. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:158872262
Lin, W. (2022). Bringing Multilateral Environmental Agreements into Development Finance: An Analysis of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank’s Environmental and Social Framework. Transnational Environmental Law, 11, 655–681. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:250468350
Linh, T. N., Long, H. T., Chi, L., Tam, L. T., & Lebailly, P. (2019). Access to Rural Credit Markets in Developing Countries, the Case of Vietnam: A Literature Review. Sustainability. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:159311164
Marodon, R. (2021). Can Development Banks Step Up to the Challenge of Sustainable Development? Review of Political Economy, 34, 268–285. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:244231666
McCawley, P. (2020). INDONESIA AND THE ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK FIFTY YEARS OF PARTNERSHIP. In Far Eastern Survey (Vol. 20, Issue 4). https://doi.org/10.2307/3023828
Mishra, P. K., Mishra, S. K., & Sarangi, M. K. (2020). Do Women’s Advancement and Gender Parity Promote Economic Growth? Evidence from 30 Asian Countries. Millennial Asia, 11, 26–5. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:216163696
Mishra, V., Seyedzenouzi, G., Almohtadi, A., Chowdhury, T., Khashkhusha, A., Axiaq, A., Wong, W. Y. E., & Harky, A. (2021). Health Inequalities During COVID-19 and Their Effects on Morbidity and Mortality. Journal of Healthcare Leadership, 13, 19–26. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:231699418
Morley, J., Buchanan, G., Mitchard, E. T. A., & Keane, A. (2020). Implications of the World Bank’s environmental and social framework for biodiversity. Conservation Letters, 14. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:225191631
Nasikh, Kamaludin, M., Narmaditya, B. S., Wibowo, A., & Febrianto, I. (2021). Agricultural land resource allocation to develop food crop commodities: lesson from Indonesia. Heliyon, 7. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:236196912
Neff, L. M. (2020). Hidden hunger: food insecurity in the age of coronavirus. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 112, 1160–1161. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:225049772
Newbusiness@adb.org. (2021). ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK OPERASI SEKTOR SWASTA. Pubsmarketing@adb.Org, 86–87. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230271333_46
Park, S. (2021). Policy Norms, the Development Finance Regime Complex, and Holding the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development to Account. Global Policy, 12, 90–100. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:237857700
Phiri, J., Malec, K., Majune, S. K., Appiah-Kubi, S. N. K., Gebeltová, Z., Maitah, M., Maitah, K., & Abdullahi, K. T. (2020). Agriculture as a Determinant of Zambian Economic Sustainability. Sustainability. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:219921414
Prabhakar, S. V. R. K. (2021). A succinct review and analysis of drivers and impacts of agricultural land transformations in Asia. Land Use Policy, 102, 105238. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:233854092
Richards, D. R., Law, A., Tan, C. S. Y., Shaikh, S. F. E. A., Carrasco, L. R., Jaung, W., & Oh, R. R. Y. (2020). Rapid urbanisation in Singapore causes a shift from local provisioning and regulating to cultural ecosystem services use. Ecosystem Services, 46, 101193. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2020.101193
Sánchez-Zamora, P., & Gallardo-Cobos, R. (2020). Territorial Cohesion in Rural Areas: An Analysis of Determinants in the Post-Economic Crisis Context. Sustainability. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:218949782
Sarfraz, M., Qun, W., Hui, L., & Abdullah, M. I. (2018). Environmental Risk Management Strategies and the Moderating Role of Corporate Social Responsibility in Project Financing Decisions. Sustainability. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:52888745
Tarolli, P., & Straffelini, E. (2020). Agriculture in Hilly and Mountainous Landscapes: Threats, Monitoring and Sustainable Management. Geography and Sustainability. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:216406147
Thathsarani, U. S., Wei, J., & Samaraweera, G. (2021). Financial Inclusion’s Role in Economic Growth and Human Capital in South Asia: An Econometric Approach. Sustainability, 13, 4303. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:234837671
USAID. (2022). Assessment of Women’s Participation in the Energy Sector in Southeast Asia-Indonesia Country Chapter USAID/RDMA Enhancing Equality in Energy for Southeast Asia (E4SEA) Activity. USAID.
Vogel, E., Donat, M. G., Alexander, L. V., Meinshausen, M., Ray, D. K., Karoly, D. J., Meinshausen, N., & Frieler, K. (2019). The effects of climate extremes on global agricultural yields. Environmental Research Letters, 14. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:159270104
Warsame, A. A., Sheik-Ali, I. A., Ali, A. O., & Sarkodie, S. A. (2021). Climate change and crop production nexus in Somalia: an empirical evidence from ARDL technique. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28, 19838–19850. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:230824855
Wei, L. (2020). Developmental peace in east Asia and its implications for the Indo-Pacific. International Affairs, 96, 189–209. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:213691035
White, D. J., Hubacek, K., Feng, K., Sun, L., & Meng, B. (2018). The Water-Energy-Food Nexus in East Asia: A tele-connected value chain analysis using inter-regional input-output analysis. Applied Energy, 210, 550–567. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:157440378
Yadav, P., Davies, P. J., & Abdullah, S. (2018). Reforming capital subsidy scheme to finance energy transition for the below poverty line communities in rural India. Energy for Sustainable Development. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:158672311
Yuan, J., Lu, Y., Ferrier, R. C., Liu, Z., Su, H., Meng, J., Song, S., & Jenkins, A. (2018). Urbanization, rural development and environmental health in China. Environmental Development. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:169778382
Žakevivciūtė, R. (2019). Rural livelihood diversification: a solution for poverty in the post‐Soviet rural Baltic states? Sociologia Ruralis. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:189970628
Zhang, Y., Love, D. J., Krogmeier, J. V, Anderson, C. R., Heath, R. W., & Buckmaster, D. R. (2021). Challenges and Opportunities of Future Rural Wireless Communications. IEEE Communications Magazine, 59, 16–22. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:236987243
Zheng, G., Siddik, A. B., Masukujjaman, M., & Fatema, N. (2021). Factors Affecting the Sustainability Performance of Financial Institutions in Bangladesh: The Role of Green Finance. Sustainability. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:239079501
Zhong, B., Wu, S., Sun, G., & Wu, N. (2022). Farmers’ Strategies to Climate Change and Urbanization: Potential of Ecosystem-Based Adaptation in Rural Chengdu, Southwest China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:246022619.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Iman Supriadi, Eva Wany
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
