Main Article Content
Abstract
General Background: Crimes that endanger life or health are critical areas of study within legal scholarship, reflecting societal concerns about public safety and individual well-being. Specific Background: This article examines the nuances of responsibility associated with such crimes, reviewing various definitions proposed by legal scholars and presenting a novel definition of life- or health-threatening crimes. Knowledge Gap: Despite existing literature, there remains a lack of comprehensive frameworks that systematically categorize these crimes, particularly regarding their objective and subjective dimensions. Aims: The aim of this study is to elucidate the components of crimes that threaten life or health, exploring their classifications based on object, subject, and methods of commission. Results: The findings reveal a structured analysis of the objective and subjective elements of these crimes, alongside a detailed classification system that enhances understanding of their diverse manifestations and the associated legal responsibilities. Novelty: This article contributes to the field by offering an original definition of life- or health-threatening crimes and a classification framework that integrates both traditional and contemporary perspectives. Implications: The conclusions drawn underscore the necessity for legal systems to adopt clearer definitions and classifications, which could improve the enforcement of laws and enhance protective measures for individuals at risk. Future research should focus on empirical studies to further refine these classifications and examine their practical implications within various legal contexts.
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References
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References
Baleev S.A. i dr.. Ugolovnoe pravo Rossii. Special part. Textbook. - Kazan: Kazansky (Privolzhsky) Federal University, 2012. - S. 102.
Galyukova M.I. Osobennosti ugolovnoy otvetstvennosti za prichinenie vreda zdorovyu pri sovershenii prestupleniy stavyashchix v poznasti jiz ili zdorove // Fundamentalnye issledovaniya. – 2005. – No. 8. – S. 22-23.
Menshikov A.V., Korobenkova M.A. The right to health protection as an element of personal security // Law. Safety. Emergencies. – 2020. – No. 2(47). – P.44-45.
Rustambayev M.Kh. Course of criminal law of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Volume 3. Special part. Crimes against the person. Crimes against peace and security. Textbook. 2nd edition, supplemented and revised - Tashkent: Military-Technical Institute of the National Guard of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 2018. - P.147.
Gorbatova M.A. Compositions of crimes that endanger life or health: concept, system and criminal legal analysis: Author's abstract. diss. ...cand. legal Sci. – Saratov, 2002. – P.8.
Goreva A.V. Theoretical problems of crimes that endanger human health // Patterns and trends in the innovative development of society: a collection of articles based on the results of the International Scientific and Practical Conference (January 28, 2019). – Sterlitamak: AMI, 2019. – pp. 116-117.
Razgildiev B.T., Krasikov A.N. Criminal law of the Russian Federation. Special part: Textbook. –Saratov SuiI Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 1999. – P. 67.
Gaukhman L.D., Kolodkin L.M., Maksimov S.V. Criminal law. Part General. Part Special. – M.: Jurisprudence, 1999 – P. 341.
Kondrashova T.V. Problems of criminal liability for crimes against life, health, sexual freedom and sexual integrity. – Ekaterinburg: Humanitarian University, 2000. – P.245.
Gainazarov A. Analysis of the composition and location of crimes that endanger human life in the system of crimes against the individual // Scientific notes of Khujand State University. Academician B. Gafurov. – 2012. – No. 11. – P. 202-203.
Medvedeva N.I. Crimes that endanger the life and health of an individual in the system of crimes against health: Author's abstract. diss. ...cand. legal Sci. – Rostov-on-Don, 2004. – P.4-5.
Encyclopedia of criminal law. T. 13. Crimes against life and health / Ed. prof. Malinina. – MIEP at the IPA EurAsEC. St. Petersburg, 2013. – P. 715.
Borzenkov G.N., Komissarov V.S. Criminal law course. Special part: Volume 3. – M.: IKD Zertsalo, 2002. – P. 138.
Golovkin R.B. Danger in law // Bulletin of the Vladimir Law Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. – 2018. –No. 3(86). – P. 65-66.; Golovkin R.B. Law and threats // Bulletin of the Vladimir Legal Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. 2018. No. 1(46).; Galuzin A.F. Danger as a scientific and legal category // Legal policy and legal life. – 2009. – No. 4. – P.66-67.
Yuldashev R.T. Essays on the theory of insurance: a retrospective analysis of development. – M.: Ankil, 2009. – P. 49.
Gaidaenko E.V. The concept of danger, uncertainty and risk from the perspective of increasing the efficiency of management of agricultural entities // Polythematic network electronic scientific journal of the Kuban State Agrarian University. – 2014. – No. 104(10). – pp. 16-17.
Gainazarov A.T. Types of crimes that endanger human life (some problems of theory) // Scientific notes of Khujand State University. Academician B. Gafurov. – 2012. – No. 12. –P.158-162.; Course of criminal law / ed. G.N. Borzenkova, B.S. Komissarova. – M., 2002. T. 3. – P. 152.; Kondrashova T.V. Problems of criminal liability for crimes against life, health, sexual freedom and sexual integrity. – Ekaterinburg: Humanitarian University, 2000. – P. 245.; Bezruchko E.V. Crimes encroaching on the safety of human health: theoretical and legal research: Abstract of thesis. diss. ... Doctor of Law. Sci. – Kaliningrad, 2018. – P.25-26.
Criminal law. Special part/hole ed. I.Ya.Kozachenko, Z.A.Neznamova, G.P.Novoselov. – M., 2000. – P. 86.; Bezruchko E.V. Classification of crimes encroaching on the safety of human health // Lawyer - Pravoved. – 2013. – No. 4(59). – pp. 43-44.
Russian criminal law / ed. A.I.Korobeeva. – Vladivostok, 2000. – P. 177-178.; Criminal law of the Russian Federation / ed. L.V. Inogamova-Khegai. – M., 2002. – P. 39-40.
Sandzhiev Yu.L. Beatings and torture in the system of crimes against health: criminological characteristics and prevention: Diss. ...cand. legal Sci. – Rostov n/d, 2008. – P. 14.
Vetrov N.I. Criminal law. A special part. – M., 2000. – P. 47–69.
Criminal law. Rep. ed. I.Ya.Kozachenko, Z.A.Neznamova, G.P.Novoselov. Special part: Textbook for universities. – M.: NORMA-INFRA, 2000. – P. 90-91.